PhD thesis:
Habilitation thesis:
  • Soil behaviour under cyclic loading - experimental observations, constitutive description and applications
    Publications of the Institute for Soil Mechanics and Rock Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Issue No. 181, 2016
    PDF (140 MB)

Publications in journals until 2020 (for later publications see ResearchGate):

  1. Wichtmann, T., Sonntag, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2001):
    On the memory capacity of sand under cyclic loading (in German),
    Bautechnik, Vol. 78, No. 12 , pp. 852 - 865, DOI: 10.1002/bate.200105950.
    PDF (2.1 MB) The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  2. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2004):
    Influence of a cyclic and dynamic loading history on dynamic properties of dry sand,
    part I: cyclic and dynamic torsional prestraining,
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 127 - 147, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2003.10.004.
    PDF (2.4 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  3. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2004):
    Influence of a cyclic and dynamic loading history on dynamic properties of dry sand,
    part II: cyclic axial preloading,
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 24, No. 11, pp. 789 - 803, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.05.002.
    PDF (2.7 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  4. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2005):
    Settlement accumulation in non-cohesive soils under cyclic loading (in German),
    Bautechnik, Vol. 82, No. 1, pp. 18-27, DOI: 10.1002/bate.200590023.
    PDF (1.0 MB). The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  5. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2005):
    Dynamic stiffness and damping of sand at small strains (in German),
    Bautechnik, Vol. 82, No. 4, pp. 236-246, DOI: 10.1002/bate.200590079.
    PDF (1.5 MB) . The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  6. Niemunis, A., Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2005):
    A high-cycle accumulation model for sand,
    Computers and Geotechnics, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 245-263, DOI: 10.1002/bate.200590128.
    PDF (2.5 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  7. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2005):
    On the influence of the grain size distribution curve on the dynamic and cumulative behaviour of non-cohesive soils (in German),
    Bautechnik, Vol. 82, No. 6, pp. 378-386, DOI: 10.1002/bate.200590128.
    PDF (3.4 MB). The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  8. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th., Poblete, M. (2005):
    Correlation of cyclic preloading with the liquefaction resistance,
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 12, pp. 923-932, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2005.05.004.
    PDF (3.4 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  9. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2005):
    Strain accumulation in sand due to cyclic loading: drained triaxial tests,
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 12, pp. 967-979, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2006.04.001.
    PDF (1.0 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  10. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2005):
    Finite element prediction of the settlement of shallow foundations on sand under cyclic loading (in German),
    Bautechnik, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 902-911, DOI: 10.1002/bate.200590253.
    PDF (1.1 MB). The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  11. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2006):
    Experimental evidence of a unique flow rule of non-cohesive soils under high-cyclic loading,
    Acta Geotechnica, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 59 - 73, DOI: 10.1007/s11440-006-0006-8.
    PDF (2.2 MB). The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com.

  12. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2006):
    Is Miner's rule valid for sand? (in German),
    Bautechnik, Vol. 83, No. 5, pp. 341 - 350, DOI: 10.1002/bate.200610029.
    PDF (1.3 MB). The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  13. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2006):
    On the correlation of the oedometric and the ''dynamic'' stiffness of non-cohesive soils (in German),
    Bautechnik, Vol. 83, No. 7, pp. 482 - 491, DOI: 10.1002/bate.200610041.
    PDF (1.3 MB). The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  14. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2007):
    On the influence of the polarization and the shape of the strain loop on strain accumulation in sand under high-cyclic loading.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 14-28, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2006.05.002.
    PDF (1.4 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  15. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2007):
    Strain accumulation in sand due to cyclic loading: drained cyclic tests with triaxial extension,
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 42-48, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2006.04.001.
    PDF (0.6 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  16. Rondon, H.A., Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th., Lizcano, A. (2007):
    Hypoplastic material constants for a well-graded granular material (UGM) for base and subbase layers of flexible pavements,
    Acta Geotechnica, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 113-126, DOI: 10.1007/s11440-007-0030-3.
    PDF (2.4 MB). The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com.

  17. Rondon, H.A., Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th., Lizcano, A. (2008):
    Behavior of an unbound granular material in cyclic triaxial tests with constant and variable confining pressure (in Spanish).
    Revista Chilena de Ingenieria, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 461-472.

  18. Poblete, M., Wichtmann, T. (2008):
    Accumulation of residual deformations due to cyclic loading with complicated strain loops.
    Obras y Proyectos, Revista de Ingenieria Civil, No. 4, pp. 43-51.

  19. Rondon, H.A., Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th., Lizcano, A. (2009):
    Comparison of cyclic triaxial behavior of unbound granular material under constant and variable confining pressure,
    Journal of Transportation Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 135, No. 7, pp. 467-478, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000009.
    PDF (1.3 MB). The original publication is available in the ASCE Library.

  20. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2009):
    On the influence of the grain size distribution curve of quartz sand on the small strain shear modulus Gmax,
    Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 135, No. 10, pp. 1404-1418, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000096.
    PDF (3.0 MB). The original publication is available in the ASCE Library.

  21. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2009):
    On the correlation of ''static'' and ''dynamic'' stiffness moduli of non-cohesive soils (extended version in English),
    Bautechnik, Vol. 86, Special Issue S1 "Geotechnical Engineering", pp. 28-39, DOI: 10.1002/bate.200910039.
    PDF (1.5 MB). The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  22. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2009):
    Prediction of long-term deformations of offshore wind power plants (in German),
    RUBIN. Scientific journal of Ruhr-University Bochum, Special Issue 2009 (Collaborate Research Centre SFB 398), pp. 14-21.
    PDF (1.3 MB).

  23. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2009):
    Validation and calibration of a high-cycle accumulation model based on cyclic triaxial tests on eight sands.
    Soils and Foundations, Vol. 49, No. 5, pp. 711-728, DOI: 10.3208/sandf.49.711.
    PDF (2.6 MB). The original publication is available at JStage.

  24. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2010):
    On the determination of a set of material constants for a high-cycle accumulation model for non-cohesive soils,
    International Journal for Analytical and Numerical Methods in Geomechanics, Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 409-440, DOI: 10.1002/nag.821.
    The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  25. Wichtmann, T., Rondon, H.A., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, T., Lizcano, A.: (2010)
    Prediction of permanent deformations in pavements using a high-cycle accumulation model.
    Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 136, No. 5, S. 728-740, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000275.
    PDF (2.5 MB). The original publication is available in the ASCE Library.

  26. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, T. (2010):
    On the ''elastic'' stiffness in a high-cycle accumulation model for sand: a comparison of drained and undrained cyclic triaxial tests.
    Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 47, No. 7, pp. 791-805, DOI: 10.1139/T09-142.
    PDF (5.6 MB). The original publication is available at Canadian Science Publishing.

  27. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2010):
    Strain accumulation in sand due to drained cyclic loading: on the effect of monotonic and cyclic preloading (Miner's rule).
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 8, pp. 736-745, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2010.03.004.
    PDF (1.4 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  28. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2010):
    On the influence of the grain size distribution curve on P-wave velocity, constrained elastic modulus Mmax and Poisson's ratio of quartz sands.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 8, pp. 757-766, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2010.03.006.
    PDF (1.9 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  29. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2010):
    Prediction of long-term deformations of offshore wind power plant foundations (in German).
    HANSA International Maritime Journal, Vol. 147, No. 6, pp. 73-77.

  30. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2011):
    Estimation of dynamic properties of non-cohesive soils based on the grain size distribution curve (in German).
    Bautechnik, Vol. 88, No. 9, pp. 627-639, DOI: 10.1002/bate.201101498.
    PDF (2.1 MB). The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  31. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2011):
    Prediction of long-term deformations of offshore wind power plants using an accumulation model (in German).
    Bautechnik, Vol. 88, No. 11, pp. 765-781, DOI: 10.1002/bate.201101519.
    PDF (4.2 MB). The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  32. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2013):
    Effect of uniformity coefficient on G/Gmax and damping ratio of uniform to well graded quartz sands.
    Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 139, No. 1, pp. 59-72, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000735.
    PDF (3.3 MB). The original publication is available in the ASCE Library.

  33. Wichtmann, T., Andersen, K.H., Sjursen, M.A., Berre, T. (2013):
    Cyclic tests on high-quality undisturbed block samples of soft marine Norwegian clay.
    Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 400-412, DOI: 10.1139/cgj-2011-0390.
    PDF (1.9 MB). The original publication is available at Canadian Science Publishing. Raw data (ZIP archive, 292 MB)

  34. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2013):
    Small-strain constrained elastic modulus of clean quartz sand with various grain size distribution.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 55, No. 12, pp. 130-139, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2013.08.006.
    PDF (2.1 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  35. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2013):
    On the "elastic stiffness" in a high-cycle accumulation model - continued investigations.
    Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 50, No. 12, pp. 1260-1272, DOI: 10.1139/cgj-2013-0037.
    PDF (15.3 MB). The original publication is available at Canadian Science Publishing.

  36. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2014):
    Stiffness and damping of clean quartz sand with various grain size distribution curves.
    Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 140, No. 3, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000977.
    PDF (0.5 MB). The original publication is available at ASCE Library.

  37. Westermann, K., Zachert, H. Wichtmann, T. (2014):
    Vergleich von Ansätzen zur Prognose der Langzeitverformungen von OWEA-Monopilegründungen in Sand. Teil 1: Grundlagen der Ansätze und Parameterkalibration.
    Bautechnik, Vol. 91, No. 5, pp. 309-323, DOI: 10.1002/bate.201300094.
    The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  38. Westermann, K., Zachert, H. Wichtmann, T. (2014):
    Vergleich von Ansätzen zur Prognose der Langzeitverformungen von OWEA-Monopilegründungen in Sand. Teil 2: Simulationen und Schlussfolgerungen.
    Bautechnik, Vol. 91, No. 5, pp. 324-332, DOI: 10.1002/bate.201400015.
    The original publication is available in the Wiley Online Library.

  39. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2014):
    Flow rule in a high-cycle accumulation model backed by cyclic test data of 22 sands.
    Acta Geotechnica, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 695-709, DOI: 10.1007/s11440-014-0302-7.
    PDF (2.0 MB). The original publication is available at SpringerLink.

  40. Niemunis, A., Wichtmann, T. (2014):
    Separation of time scale in the HCA model for sand.
    Acta Geophysica, Vol. 62, No. 5, pp. 1127-1145, DOI: 10.2478/s11600-014-0221-x.
    The original publication is available at SpringerLink.

  41. Wichtmann, T., Navarrete Hernandez, M.A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2015):
    On the influence of a non-cohesive fines content on the small strain stiffness, modulus degradation and damping of quartz sand.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 69, No. 2, pp. 103-114, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.10.017.
    PDF (1.1 MB). The original publication is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com.

  42. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2015):
    Stress attractors predicted by a high-cycle accumulation model confirmed by undrained cyclic triaxial tests.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 69, No. 2, pp. 125-137, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.10.013.
    PDF (23.4 MB). The original publication is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com.

  43. Wichtmann, T., Niemunis, A., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2015):
    Improved simplified calibration procedure for a high-cycle accumulation model.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 70, pp. 118-132, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.12.011.
    PDF (4.8 MB). The original publication is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com.

  44. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2015):
    Inspection of a high-cycle accumulation model for large numbers of cycles (N = 2 million).
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 75, pp. 199-210, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.04.008.
    PDF (1.9 MB). The original publication is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com.

  45. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2016):
    An experimental data base for the development, calibration and verification of constitutive models for sand with focus to cyclic loading.
    Part I: tests with monotonic loading and stress cycles.
    Acta Geotechnica, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 739-761, DOI: 10.1007/s11440-015-0402-z.
    PDF (27.5 MB). The original publication is available at http://link.springer.com.
    The raw test data presented in this paper is available under the link ''Karlsruhe fine sand database'' in the menu.

  46. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2016):
    An experimental data base for the development, calibration and verification of constitutive models for sand with focus to cyclic loading.
    Part II: tests with strain cycles and combined loading.
    Acta Geotechnica, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 763-774, DOI: 10.1007/s11440-015-0412-x.
    PDF (17.6 MB). The original publication is available at http://link.springer.com.
    The raw test data presented in this paper is available under the link ''Karlsruhe fine sand database'' in the menu.

  47. Wichtmann, T., Kimmig, I., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2017):
    On correlations between ''dynamic'' (small-strain) and ''static'' (large-strain) stiffness moduli - an experimental investigation on 19 sands and gravels.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 98, pp. 72-83, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.03.032.
    PDF (1.3 MB). The original publication is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com.

  48. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2017):
    Strain accumulation due to packages of cycles with varying amplitude and/or average stress - on the bundling of cycles and the loss of the cyclic preloading memory.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 101, pp. 250-263, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.07.012.
    PDF (0.7 MB). The original publication is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com.

  49. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th., Chrisopoulos, S., Zachert, H. (2017):
    Prediction of long-term deformations of offshore wind power plant foundations using engineer-oriented models based on HCA.
    International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering (IJOPE), Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 346-356, DOI: ISOPE-17-27-4-346.
    PDF (1.8 MB). The original publication is available at www.onepetro.org .

  50. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2018):
    Monotonic and cyclic tests on Kaolin - a data base for the development, calibration and verification of constitutive models for cohesive soils with focus to cyclic loading.
    Acta Geotechnica, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 1103-1128, DOI: 10.1007/s11440-017-0588-3.
    PDF (24.8 MB) The original publication is available at http://link.springer.com.

  51. Machacek, J., Wichtmann, T., Zachert, H., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2018):
    Long-term settlements of a ship lock: measurements vs. FE-prediction using a high cycle accumulation model.
    Computers and Geotechnics, Vol. 97, May, pp. 222-232, DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2018.01.009.
    The original publication is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com.

  52. Wichtmann, T., Machacek, J., Zachert, H., Günther, H. (2019):
    Validierung eines hochzyklischen Akkumulationsmodells anhand von Modellversuchen und Messungen an realen Bauwerken.
    Bautechnik, Vol. 96, No. 2, pp. 160-175, DOI: 10.1002/bate.201800056.
    PDF (11.9 MB). The original publication is available at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.

  53. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th., Ziesmann, L. (2019):
    On the influence of platy shell particles on the cumulative deformations in sand under drained high-cyclic loading.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 117, pp. 1-15, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.11.005.
    PDF (7.1 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  54. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th., Späth, L. (2019):
    On the influence of grain shape on the cumulative deformations in sand under drained high-cyclic loading.
    Soils and Foundations, Vol. 59, No. 1, pp. 208-227, DOI: 10.1016/j.sandf.2018.11.001.
    PDF (4.1 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  55. Wichtmann, T., Steller, K., Triantafyllidis, Th., Back, M., Dahmen, D. (2019):
    An experimental parametric study on the liquefaction resistance of sands in spreader dumps of lignite opencast mines.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 122, pp. 290-309, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.11.010.
    PDF (15.6 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  56. Wichtmann, T., Fuentes, W., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2019):
    Inspection of three sophisticated constitutive models based on monotonic and cyclic tests on fine sand: Hypoplasticity vs. Sanisand vs. ISA.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 124, pp. 172-183, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.05.001.
    PDF (34.4 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  57. Wichtmann, T., Kimmig, I., Steller, K., Triantafyllidis, Th., Back, M., Dahmen, D. (2019):
    Correlations of the liquefaction resistance of sands in spreader dumps of lignite opencast mines with CPT tip resistance and shear wave velocity.
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 124, pp. 184-196, DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.05.002.
    PDF (3.0 MB). The original publication is available at ScienceDirect.

  58. Wichtmann, T., Triantafyllidis, Th. (2020):
    On the influence of multiple polarization changes on the cumulative deformations in sand under drained high-cyclic loading.
    Geotechnical Testing Journal, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 235-252, DOI: 10.1520/GTJ20170298.
    PDF (2.7 MB). The original publication is available at www.astm.org.